PRELIMS REVISION QUIZ (DAY-15)

🌏 Tropic of Cancer passes ONLY through Myanmar in South East Asia.

🌏 Equator passes ONLY through Indonesia in South East Asia.

MEKONG RIVER

Mekong is the longest river of South East Asia.

Mekong River rises in the Himalayas in China, in an area called the ‘three-rivers area’. The other two rivers that rise here are Yangtze river and Yellow river.

The Mekong passes through China, Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam.

Most of the territories of Laos and Cambodia fall within the basin. Vientiane, the capital of Laos, and Phnom Penh, the capital of Cambodia, both are located on the banks of Mekong river.

The Mekong Delta region lies immediately to the west of Ho Chi Minh City of Vietnam.

The Mekong basin is the second most diverse area on earth, after the Amazon. No other river is home to so many species of very large fish.

The Mekong Basin contains the world’s largest inland fishery.

Note the location of the two important cities of Vietnam: Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City

Hanoi is the capital of Vietnam, but not the largest city of Vietnam.

Ho Chi Minh City is the largest and the most populous city of Vietnam.

Ho Chi Minh City (Saigon) is the business and financial hub of Vietnam.

LAOS

Laos' strategies for development are based on :

➤ Generating electricity from rivers and selling the power to its neighbours - Thailand, China, and Vietnam

➤ Becoming a "land-linked" nation, by the construction of four new railways connecting Laos and neighbours.

GOLDEN TRIANGLE

The Golden Triangle is the area where the borders of Thailand, Laos, and Myanmar meet at the confluence of the Ruak and Mekong rivers.

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KURIL ISLANDS AND SAKHALIN - RUSSIA

Kuril Islands is an archipelago in Sakhalin province of far-eastern Russia.

The archipelago extends for 1,200 km from the southern tip of the Kamchatka Peninsula of Russia to the northeastern corner of Hokkaido island of Japan and separates the Sea of Okhotsk from the Pacific Ocean.

There are 56 islands and many minor rocks. It consists of the Greater Kuril Chain and the Lesser Kuril Chain.

Japan stakes partial claim to southernmost islands.

Okinawa is a Japanese island in East China Sea.

Japan consists of 4 major islands; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu

1⃣ Hokkaido - northernmost of Japan’s four main islands

Tsugaru Strait separates Hokkaido from Honshu; the two islands are connected by the undersea railway Seikan Tunnel.

2⃣ Honshu - largest of the four main islands of Japan.

3⃣ Shikoku - smallest of Japan’s four main islands.

4⃣ Kyushu - southernmost of Japan's four main islands (excluding Okinawa).

ISTHMUS OF KRA

Kra Isthmus is the narrowest part of the Malay Peninsula.

Kra Canal - a proposed canal that would connect Gulf of Thailand with Andaman Sea across the Kra Isthmus.

: The following question on the concept of liberty was asked by UPSC in Civil Services Prelims-2011 :

[UPSC CSE-2011] Between India and East Asia, the navigation-time and distance can be greatly reduced by which of the following? (2011)

1. Deepening the Malacca straits between Malaysia and Indonesia.

2. Opening a new canal across the Kra isthmus between the Gulf of Siam and Andaman Sea.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

[A] 1 only

[B] 2 only

[C] Both 1 and 2

[D] Neither 1 nor 2

Answer : [B]

If built, the Kra Canal would cut travel time from South Asia to East Asia by 1,200 kilometres (at least 3 days) by circumventing the Strait of Malacca route.

BORNEO

Borneo is politically divided among three countries :

Malaysia and Brunei in the north and Indonesia to the south.

✅ Approximately 73% of the island is Indonesian territory.

✅ In the north, the East Malaysian states of Sabah and Sarawak make up about 26% of the island.

Mount Kinabalu in Malaysian Borneo, is the highest mountain of the Malay Archipelago as well as Malaysia.

✅ The sovereign state of Brunei, located on the north coast, comprises about 1% of Borneo's land area.

Borneo is home to one of the oldest rainforests in the world.

INDONESIA

Indonesia is the world's largest island country.

It is the only country of South East Asia through which the Equator passes.

It consists of more than 17,000 islands.

It is world's fourth-most populous country and the most populous Muslim-majority country.

MAJOR ISLANDS AND PROVINCES OF INDONESIA

JAVA - world's most populous island. Indonesia's capital, Jakarta is located on Java.

SUMATRA - largest island of Indonesian archipelago

KALIMANTAN (Indonesian Borneo) - 73% of Borneo

SULAWESI (Celebes) - The Strait of Makassar separates it from Borneo

BALI - it is an island province of Indonesia

WESTERN NEW GUINEA (also known as Papua) is governed by Indonesia.

Question 742.

THREE PAGODAS PASS

Three Pagodas Pass is a pass in Tenasserim Hills on the border between Thailand and Myanmar.